Capstone Research Projects

Enhancing Inclusive Disaster Preparedness and Recovery Planning Through Community Inclusion: A Program Plan for the Delaware County Department of Emergency Services

Overcoming barriers to Disaster Preparedness and Recovery information and services is a core component for enhancing community resiliency. Traditional metrics for determining potential barriers to Disaster Preparedness and Recovery information and services, called Access and Functional Needs, within the fields of Emergency Management, Public Health, and Human Services have not been universally used in a coordinated manner at a national level and do not yet include lessons learned during the COVID-19 Pandemic response. Updating these metrics to develop a new system inclusive of themes from each independent field and the pandemic response will enhance capacity for Inclusive Disaster Preparedness and Recovery Planning (IDPRP) to better determine needs within communities targeted for planning and services. Incorporating members of the community will expand capability both to determine, and overcome barriers identified. Two proven methods for the incorporation of community leaders and do this work are Functional Assessment Service Teams and Community Ambassador Programs.

The Use of Stay Interviews to Curtail the Emergency Medical Services Staffing Crisis

This Capstone will highlight the current staffing crisis that is impacting Emergency Medical Service (EMS) organizations across the United States. According to the Ambulance Association of America (AAA) and the National Association of Emergency Medical Technicians (NAEMT), EMS organizations are facing some of the most challenging times as it relates to recruitment and more importantly, retention. Retention of personnel in an EMS organization is the critical structure that allows for ambulances to respond to and arrive at emergency situations in a timely fashion. Imagine calling 911 for a medical emergency and an ambulance takes hours to arrive or even worse an ambulance not showing up all. Unfortunately, one or both instances are occurring in areas across the United States today. Some areas such as North Carolina, are plagued with such shortages that they have requested ambulances from the Federal Emergency Management Association (FEMA) to simply staff ambulances for 911 calls (Donnelly-DeRoven, 2022).

Advancing Diversionary Programs to Maintain Low Level Juvenile Recidivism Rates

This Capstone Research Project was intended to enhance current juvenile diversionary programs to reduce juvenile crime and recidivism rates. After conducting research this Capstone Research Project focused on the need for advancing referrals to juvenile diversionary programs and minimizing out of home placements for juvenile delinquents. The research first examined the average number of times a juvenile delinquent has been arrested and the number of pre-determined risk factors the delinquent has been exposed to. The researcher then examined pre-determined risk factors that predominantly affect at risk youth.

Community Paramedicine and Mobile Integrated Health: An Innovative Approach to Medicine to Provide Care for Patients With Social Determinants of Health

Community Paramedics provide healthcare for patients who suffer from various social determinants of health. According to Dr. Gina Agarwal, an associate professor in the Department of Family Medicine at McMaster University, the patients typically include homeless persons, people living in poverty, those suffering from addiction and mental health disorders, patients seen as frequent users of both Emergency Medical Services (EMS) and the emergency room (E.R.), and chronically ill persons who are considered high-risk for readmission to the hospital.

Keeping Low Income Families in Their Homes: by removing the burden of costly home repairs

For citizens living only just above the national poverty line, a simple home repair may become a large problem, especially when other stressors have occurred in their lives that may require an unforeseen financial burden. According to the Population Reference Bureau (2022), “The Census Bureau reported that 37.2 million people, or 11.4% of the U.S. population, were living in poverty in 2020, based on official poverty threshold.” In an article written by Susannah Snider and Emma Kerr for U. S. News publication, they refer to a study conducted in 2018 by the Pew Research Center located in Washington D.C., Pew defined the economic breakdown as follows; for a family of 3 an annual income of less than $40,100 was considered low income, $41,000 - $120,400 was considered middle and more than $120,400 was considered upper income varying by region and state. (Snider & Kerr, 2020) The researchers’ findings suggested that many people describe themselves as middle class, however, many of them may fall outside of this definition.

Next Step Leadership Initiative:
A Plan for Urban Youth

This Capstone will highlight several key issues impacting the lives of youth in lowincome/urban areas, such as the impacts of violence on youth and the current state of education and where it is failing, as well as poverty. Constant violence against or around youth leads to personal issues to trouble in school. Education has often been a way out of poverty for those less fortunate. Still, with recent budget cuts in schools across the United States, the cycle of poverty is continuing in these communities. Throughout the Capstone, the two cities to be examined will be Philadelphia, PA, and Camden, NJ, because both cities have been experiencing significant issues in the discussed areas. The year 2020 marked one of the deadliest years in Philadelphia. Camden also experiences, on average, a significantly higher number of murders for the size of the city. The Capstone will also examine two youth development programs in Camden and how they help lead youth to brighter and successful futures.